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Tripod position
The tripod position is a physical stance often assumed by people experiencing respiratory distress (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients) or who are simply out of breath (such as a person who has just run a sprint).〔Examination of Musculoskeletal Injuries, by Sandra J. Shultz, Peggy A. Houglum, David H. Perrin〕 In tripod position, one sits or stands leaning forward and supporting the upper body with hands on the knees or on another surface.〔http://medind.nic.in/iae/t09/i2/iaet09i2p83.pdf, Effect of Tripod Position on Objective Parameters of Respiratory Function in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; S.P. Bhatt1, R. Guleria1, T.K. Luqman-Arafath1, A.K. Gupta2, A. Mohan1, S. Nanda1 and J.C. Stoltzfus3〕 Among medical professionals, a patient adopting the tripod position is considered an indication that the patient may be in respiratory distress.〔http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/MedTech/Vitals/default.asp?iNum=0401 SweetHaven Publishing Services, Taking Vital Signs〕 In the setting of chest pain without labored respirations, the tripod position may indicate acute pericarditis.
It has been thought that the tripod position optimizes the mechanics of respiration by taking advantage of the accessory muscles of the neck and upper chest to get more air into the lungs.〔https://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalimg/thorax_tripod.htm UCSD Catalog of Clinical Images〕〔Examination of Musculoskeletal Injuries, by Sandra J. Shultz, Peggy A. Houglum, David H. Perrin〕 According to Schwartzstein and Parker, "with the position of the arms secure, contraction of the pectoralis results in elevation of the anterior wall of the chest."〔Respiratory Physiology: a Clinical Approach, by Richard M. Schwartzstein and Michael J. Parker; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (August 12, 2005)〕
However, a 2007 Indian study of the tripod position in COPD patients found no significant helpful effects, so perhaps more study is needed to understand the mechanism.〔http://medind.nic.in/iae/t09/i2/iaet09i2p83.pdf, Effect of Tripod Position on Objective Parameters of Respiratory Function in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; S.P. Bhatt1, R. Guleria1, T.K. Luqman-Arafath1, A.K. Gupta2, A. Mohan1, S. Nanda1 and J.C. Stoltzfus3〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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